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Graph Data Structure

Introduction A graph data structure is a mathematical structure but is also used in Computer Science, Physics and Chemistry, Linguistics, Biology, etc. Definition of Graph A graph is a common, complex, non-linear, cyclic, scattered, or non-contiguous, data structure that consists of a finite set of nodes (or vertices) and a set of edges connecting them. Mathematically, a graph(G) is a pair of sets (V, E). V is a set of arbitrary objects that we call vertices or nodes. E …

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Tree

Introduction of Tree Tree is also known as General Tree. Terminology Root: Nodes that have no parent is called Root Node. They are at the top position in the tree. Parent Node : Nodes that are represented at the tail of an arrow is called Parent Node. Child Node : Nodes that are represented at the head of an arrow is called Child Node. Internal Node : A Node with at least one children in …

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Queue

Introduction Like a linked list and a Stack, a Queue is also an Abstract data structure. A queue is normally created or used when things don’t have to be processed immediately. A queue is considered an ordered list. Definition A queue is another special kind of linear & non-contiguous data structure, where new data items or data elements are inserted(enqueued) at one specific end called the rear end, and deleted an existing item from the …

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Stack Data Structure

Introduction of Stack Data Structure A stack data structure is an example of an Abstract Data Type (ADT), commonly used in most programming languages. A stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle, meaning that the last element added to the stack is the first to be removed. It can be envisioned as a collection of elements with two primary operations: push and pop. Definition A stack is a basic, linear, …

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Control Statements in C++

Control Statements in C++ may broadly classified into – Introduction of Control Statements in C++ A Block/Compound Statement is a group of statements that are separated by semicolons (;)and are included/ grouped in a block enclosed in braces { }.For example: – { statement1; statement2; statement3; … } Definition of Control Statements in C++ Control statements are statements in the source code that control/specify the flow of program execution. Types of Control Statements in C++ There are two types …

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Data Types and Operators in C++

Character Set in C++ A character set in C++ is a set of valid characters (mainly including data types and operators in C++) that the C++ language/compiler can recognize during processing time. The character set of C++ consists of letters, digits, and special characters. There are 62 letters and digits character set in C++ (26 Capital Letters + 26 Small Letters + 10 Digits). There are 29, punctuation and special character sets in C++, and …

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Fundamental of OOPs

The fundamental of OOPs include – Definition of OOPs The term Object-Oriented Programming” (OOP) was coined by Alan Kay circa in 1966 or 1967 while he was at grad school. Ivan Sutherland’s seminal Sketchpad application was an early inspiration for OOP. It was created between 1961 and 1962 and published in his Sketchpad Thesis in 1963 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a modern programming paradigm to solve complex problems. The term OOP was used by ‘Xerox PARC’ for the …

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Reference Books and Websites in C++

A list of popular Reference Books and Websites in C++ is described below Reference Books in C++ Slno. Name of Books Author Publications 01. The C++ Programming Language B. Stroustrup Pearson/Addison-wesley Publication,1997. 02. Mastering C++ K. R. Venu Gopal, Raj Kumar Buyya, T Ravishankar Tata-McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi. 03. Object Oriented Programming with C++ E. Balagurusamy Tata Mc-Graw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi. 04. Object Oriented Programming in C++ N. Barkakati Prentice-Hall of …

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C++ Terminology

List of Commonly used C++ Terminology mentioned below STL(Standard Template Library): STL (Standard Template Library) in C++ is a collection of powerful data structures and algorithms that can be used to solve a wide variety of programming problems. The STL is a part of the C++ Standard Library and provides many useful containers (like vectors, sets, maps, etc.) and algorithms (like sorting, searching, etc.) that are already implemented and can be used by C++ programmers. …

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Difference Between in C++

List of Popular Difference between in C++ Difference Between C++ and Java SlNo C++ Java 1. C++ supports Pointer, Goto statement, Structure & Unions, Multiple Inheritance, Operator Overloading, Header Files, Global Variables, and Template class concepts. Java does not support Pointer, Goto statement, Structure & Unions, Multiple Inheritance, Operator Overloading, Header Files, Global Variables, or Template class concepts. 2. C++ does not support Interfaces, Packages, Virtual keywords, and API concepts. Java supports Interfaces, Packages, Virtual …

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