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Link for Control Flow Statements Programs in Python
- Control flow statements in Python allow us to manage the order in which our code is executed.
Types of Control Flow Statements in Python
They are of three types –
- Decision/Conditional Statements (if, else, elif)
- Looping Statements (for, while)
- Control Flow Altering/Jumping Statements (break, continue, pass)
1. Conditional Statements
- Conditional statements allow us to execute code blocks based on certain conditions.
- They are of the following types –
(a) if Statement
-
- The if statement evaluates a condition. If the condition is True, the indented code block is executed.
- For example –
x = 10
if x > 5:
print(“x is greater than 5”)
(b) if-else Statement
-
- The if–else statement provides an alternative block to execute if the condition is False.
- For example –
x = 3
if x > 5:
print(“x is greater than 5”)
else:
print(“x is less than or equal to 5”)
(c) if-elif-else Statement
-
- The if–elif–else structure allows checking multiple conditions.
- In this, If one condition is True, its corresponding code block is executed.
- For example –
x = 5
if x > 5:
print(“x is greater than 5”)
elif x == 5:
print(“x is equal to 5”)
else:
print(“x is less than 5”)
(d) Nested if Statements
-
- We can nest if statements inside other if blocks to create more complex conditions.
- For example –
x = 10
if x > 5:
if x < 15:
print(“x is between 5 and 15”)
2. Looping Statements
- The concept of Loops allows us to execute a block of code multiple times, based on a condition or iterating over a sequence.
- They are of the following types –
(i) for Loop
-
- The for loop is used to iterate over a sequence (such as a list, tuple, or string) or any iterable object.
- For example –
for i in [1, 2, 3]:
print(i)
-
- We can also loop through a range of numbers using the range() method.
for i in range(5):
print(i) # Output: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
(ii) while Loop
-
- The while loop continues to execute a block of code as long as the condition is True.
- For example –
count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count=count + 1
3. Control Flow Altering/Jumping Statements
- These statements are used to modify the normal flow of loops or conditionals.
- They are of the following types –
(I) break Statement
-
- The break statement is used to exit a loop prematurely when a condition is met.
- For example –
for i in range(10):
if i == 5:
break # Exit loop when i is 5
print(i)
(II) continue Statement
-
- The continue statement skips the rest of the current iteration and moves on to the next iteration.
- For example –
for i in range(5):
if i == 2:
continue # Skip iteration when i is 2
print(i)
(III) pass Statement
-
- The pass statement is a placeholder that does nothing.
- It‘s used where a statement is syntactically required but no action is needed.
- For example –
for i in range(5):
if i == 2:
pass # Placeholder, does nothing
print(i)
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