Example of OS

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DOS

UNIX operating systems are used in widely-sold workstation products from Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, IBM, and a number of other companies.
The UNIX environment and the client/server program model were important elements in the development of the Internet and the reshaping of computing as centered in networks rather than in individual computers.
Linux, a UNIX derivative available in both free software and commercial versions, is increasing in popularity as an alternative to proprietary operating systems.
UNIX is written in C.
Both UNIX and C were developed by AT&T and freely distributed to government and academic institutions, causing it to be ported to a wider variety of machine families than any other operating system. As a result, UNIX became synonymous with open systems.
UNIX is made up of the kernel, file system and shell (command line interface). The major shells are the Bourne shell (original), C shell and Korn shell.
The UNIX has more than 600 commands that manipulate data and text in every way conceivable.
UNIX is widely used in mission critical applications for client/server and transaction processing systems.
The multiple UNIX versions are widely used as Sun’s Solaris, Digital’s UNIX, HP’s HP-UX, IBM’s AIX and SCO’s UnixWare.
A large number of IBM mainframes also run UNIX applications, because the UNIX interfaces were added to MVS and OS/390, which have obtained UNIX branding.

Windows is a personal computer operating system from Microsoft.
Windows contains built-in networking, which allows users to share files
and applications with each other if their PC’s are connected to a network.
In large enterprises, Windows clients are often connected to a network of UNIX and NetWare servers.
The earlier server versions of Microsoft i.e. Windows NT and 2000 are gaining market share, providing a Windows-only solution for both the client and server.
Windows is the largest software company in the world, as well as the Windows industry at large, which includes tens of thousands of software developers.

The Macintosh (often called the Mac OS), introduced in 1984 by Apple Computer, was the first widely-sold personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI).
The Mac OS was designed to provide users with a natural, intuitively understandable, and, in general, user-friendly computer interface. This includes the mouse, the use of icons or small visual images to represent objects or actions, the point-and-click and click-and-drag actions, and a number of window operation ideas.
Microsoft was successful in adapting user interface concepts first made popular by the Mac in its first Windows operating system.
The primary disadvantage of the Mac is that there are fewer Mac applications on the market than for Windows. However, all the fundamental applications are available, and the Macintosh is a perfectly useful machine for almost everybody.
The Macintosh has its own operating system, Mac OS which, in its latest version is called Mac OS X. Originally built on Motorola’s 68000 series microprocessors.
Mac versions today are powered by the PowerPC microprocessor, which was developed jointly by Apple, Motorola, and IBM. While Mac users represent only about 5% of the total numbers of personal computer users.
Macs are highly popular and almost a cultural necessity among graphic designers and online visual artists and the companies they work for.