Standard/Communication Standard A standard is a set of specifications(guidelines) for hardware or software used in the making of products, agreed upon by a national or international authority or recognised body or by general consent or academic body or industry group etc. A standard is accepted or followed by most of the Read more…
Type of Internet Connection/Access Method Click this link for ISP details There are several ways of connecting to access the Internet. These connections vary in techniques, speed, way of connections, use purpose, etc. These are – (A) Dial Up Connection Dial-up is rare now and hence less used. It was Read more…
Introduction All entities in a data communications network must be uniquely identified to allow data to be directed to the intended recipient. This process is known as “addressing” and the identifier allocated to a node is known as its address. Each node/device is usually allocated at least one address. Definition Read more…
Introduction Routing algorithms are an important part of modern computer networking, as they enable data to be transmitted efficiently and reliably across complex networks. Routing algorithms are a critical component of computer networking, as they enable data to be transmitted across networks in a fast and efficient manner. Definition A Read more…
There are so many large and specific networks in the world that performs specific operations. Some of them are public and some are private networks. Among these, it may be research networks, cooperative networks, commercial or corporate networks, etc. These large networks can be distinguished from each other on the Read more…
Introduction A network is designed as a hierarchical or layered architecture in which every module or layer provides services to the upper layer. Users, sitting at the top layer of the network, communicate as if there is a virtual link between them, and need not be aware of the details Read more…
Introduction It is the top and most advanced layer of the OSI model. This is the 7th layer of the OSI model. This is the higher layer of the OSI model. Features This layer defines the language and syntax that programs use to communicate with other programs. This layer represents Read more…
Introduction This is the 6th layer of the OSI model. This is the Upper layer of the OSI model. This layer lies in between the Session layer and the Application layer. Features In a computer network, different computers have different codes for representing character strings (e.g., ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, etc), Read more…
Introduction The session layer is the 5th layer of the OSI model. This layer lies in between the Transport layer and the Presentation layer. Features The session layer controls and coordinates the dialogues or data-exchange process between senders’ and receivers’ computers during communication in an orderly manner. This layer is Read more…
Introduction The transport layer is the 4th layer of the OSI model. This layer lies in between the Network layer and the Session layer. Features This layer acts as an interface between the bottom and top three layers. The lower data link layer (layer 2) is only responsible for delivering Read more…