Ethernet/IEEE 802.3

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Introduction

It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3.

Ethernet is the traditional LAN technology for connecting devices in a wired local area network (LAN).

It uses IEEE 802.3 Standard in LAN data transmission.
It uses CSMA/CD mechanism (carrier Seen Multiple Access/Collision Detect) in data transmission.
Ethernet is a wired networking technology commonly used in local area networks, but may also be applied with metropolitan area networks and wide area networks as per need.
Ethernet has largely replaced other wired LAN technologies such as Token Ring, FDDI etc.
Ethernet uses Twisted pair cable, Coaxial cable(mostly) and Fiber optic cable.
The transmission speed in Ethernet is 3 Mbits to 400 Gbits.
The data format in Ethernet is Frame.

Working Mechanism :
- When a station or node wants to transmit data in a network, it first listens to the cable or medium. If the cable is busy, the station waits until it goes idle, otherwise it transmits data immediately.
- If two or more stations simultaneously begin transmitting on an idle cable they will collide. Then, all colliding stations then terminate their transmissions immediately, wait a random time and repeat the whole process all over again.

The most common use for an Ethernet is to connect a WiFi router or Modem to the internet entry through port or telephone line.