Introduction Main memory, is often referred to simply as “memory” or “RAM” (Random Access Memory) because data can be accessed in any order, regardless of its physical location in memory. This allows the CPU to quickly retrieve and manipulate data without the need to sequentially read through the entire memory. It Read more…
History of Firewall The term firewall was applied in the late 1980s to computer network technology fields. Firewalls play a vital role in network security by acting as a first line of defense, preventing unauthorized access, and protecting against various cyber threats. Introduction of Firewall The firewall is the first Read more…
The primary function of an OS is to act as an intermediary between the computer hardware and the applications software. The function of an OS is to provide a stable, efficient, and secure environment for running computer applications and managing computer resources. The OS allocates system resources such as CPU Read more…
Introduction All entities in a data communications network must be uniquely identified to allow data to be directed to the intended recipient. This process is known as “addressing” and the identifier allocated to a node is known as its address. Each node/device is usually allocated at least one address. Definition Read more…
Introduction Routing algorithms are an important part of modern computer networking, as they enable data to be transmitted efficiently and reliably across complex networks. Routing algorithms are a critical component of computer networking, as they enable data to be transmitted across networks in a fast and efficient manner. Definition A Read more…
There are so many large and specific networks in the world that performs specific operations. Some of them are public and some are private networks. Among these, it may be research networks, cooperative networks, commercial or corporate networks, etc. These large networks can be distinguished from each other on the Read more…
Introduction A network is designed as a hierarchical or layered architecture in which every module or layer provides services to the upper layer. Users, sitting at the top layer of the network, communicate as if there is a virtual link between them, and need not be aware of the details Read more…
Introduction It is the top and most advanced layer of the OSI model. This is the 7th layer of the OSI model. This is the higher layer of the OSI model. Features This layer defines the language and syntax that programs use to communicate with other programs. This layer represents Read more…
Introduction This is the 6th layer of the OSI model. This is the Upper layer of the OSI model. This layer lies in between the Session layer and the Application layer. Features In a computer network, different computers have different codes for representing character strings (e.g., ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, etc), Read more…
Introduction The session layer is the 5th layer of the OSI model. This layer lies in between the Transport layer and the Presentation layer. Features The session layer controls and coordinates the dialogues or data-exchange process between senders’ and receivers’ computers during communication in an orderly manner. This layer is Read more…