Theory Papers

Introduction TLS is considered the successor to SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and is used to secure various types of communication, including web browsing, email, and instant messaging.  Definition TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a network, typically the Internet. Characteristics It is Read more…

Introduction A hop count is the number of routers that a packet must pass through to reach its destination. Definition RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a dynamic routing protocol used in computer networks for routing data packets in IP (Internet Protocol) networks or to facilitate the exchange of routing information Read more…

Introduction DHCP is supported by most modern operating systems and network devices, such as routers and switches. Definition DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network protocol used to automatically assign IP addresses and other network configuration parameters or information to devices on a network. Characteristics DHCP is a client-server Read more…

Introduction SNMP stands for “Simple Network Management Protocol “. It was developed in 1988. Definition It is a standard protocol for internetwork management because it is a simple(small number of commands used for communication, its reliance on connectionless communication link) and requiring little code to implement it, and  also vendors can Read more…

Introduction Telnet is one of the major protocols of client-server architecture. Definition Telnet is an application layer protocol used to establish a virtual terminal or remote connection to a computer or network device over the Internet or a local network. Characteristics Telnet enables a user to establish a connection to Read more…

Introduction FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. FTP was widely used in the past for transferring files between computers over the Internet, but it has largely been replaced by more secure and efficient protocols such as SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) and HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure). Definition FTP is Read more…

Introduction DNS stands for “Domain Name System”. All the websites on the Internet have unique names associated with them called domain names. Thus, to launch a website, we must have a unique domain name. To avoid any conflict within the names of the websites the concept of domain names was Read more…

Click this link for E-mail Basics Email protocols are a set of rules and standards that define how electronic mail messages are transmitted, received, and processed between different email systems. E-mail protocols are multiple protocols that work together to facilitate the transmission, storage, and retrieval of email messages across different Read more…

History of TCP/IP Reference Model TCP/IP Reference Model was created in the 1970s by DARPA(Defense Advanced Research Project Agency), an agency of the United States Department of Defense. It laid the foundation for ARPANET(Advanced Research Project Agency Network), which was the world’s first wide area network and a predecessor of Read more…